399 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
399 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
# 腾讯文档 API V3 快速参考指南
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## API 配置
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### 基础 URL
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```
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https://docs.qq.com/openapi/spreadsheet/v3
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```
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### 配置文件位置
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- 开发环境:`ruoyi-admin/src/main/resources/application-dev.yml`
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- 生产环境:`ruoyi-admin/src/main/resources/application-prod.yml`
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- Java 配置:`ruoyi-system/src/main/java/com/ruoyi/jarvis/config/TencentDocConfig.java`
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## 鉴权方式
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### V3 API 请求头(Spreadsheet 操作)
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```http
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Access-Token: {access_token}
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Client-Id: {app_id}
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Open-Id: {open_id}
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Content-Type: application/json
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```
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### OAuth2 用户信息请求头
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```http
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Authorization: Bearer {access_token}
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```
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## 主要 API 端点
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### 1. 读取表格数据
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```
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GET /files/{fileId}/{sheetId}/{range}
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```
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**示例**:
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```java
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JSONObject result = TencentDocApiUtil.readSheetData(
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accessToken,
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appId,
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openId,
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fileId,
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sheetId,
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"A1:Z100",
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apiBaseUrl
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);
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```
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### 2. 写入表格数据
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```
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PUT /files/{fileId}/batchUpdate
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```
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**示例**:
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```java
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Object[][] values = {
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{"姓名", "年龄", "城市"},
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{"张三", "25", "北京"}
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};
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JSONObject result = TencentDocApiUtil.writeSheetData(
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accessToken,
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appId,
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openId,
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fileId,
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sheetId,
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"A1",
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values,
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apiBaseUrl
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);
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```
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### 3. 追加表格数据
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```
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自动计算位置 + PUT /files/{fileId}/batchUpdate
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```
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**示例**:
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```java
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Object[][] values = {
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{"李四", "30", "上海"}
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};
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JSONObject result = TencentDocApiUtil.appendSheetData(
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accessToken,
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appId,
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openId,
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fileId,
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sheetId,
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values,
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apiBaseUrl
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);
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```
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### 4. 获取文件信息
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```
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GET /files/{fileId}
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```
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**示例**:
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```java
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JSONObject result = TencentDocApiUtil.getFileInfo(
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accessToken,
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appId,
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openId,
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fileId,
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apiBaseUrl
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);
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```
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### 5. 获取工作表列表
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```
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GET /files/{fileId}
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```
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**示例**:
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```java
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JSONObject result = TencentDocApiUtil.getSheetList(
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accessToken,
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appId,
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openId,
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fileId,
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apiBaseUrl
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);
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```
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### 6. 获取用户信息(含 Open-Id)
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```
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GET https://docs.qq.com/oauth/v2/userinfo
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```
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**示例**:
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```java
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JSONObject userInfo = TencentDocApiUtil.getUserInfo(accessToken);
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String openId = userInfo.getString("openId");
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```
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## Service 层使用示例
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### 读取表格数据
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```java
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@Autowired
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private ITencentDocService tencentDocService;
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public void readData() {
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String accessToken = "..."; // 从授权流程获取
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String fileId = "..."; // 表格文件ID
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String sheetId = "..."; // 工作表ID
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String range = "A1:Z100"; // 读取范围
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JSONObject result = tencentDocService.readSheetData(
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accessToken, fileId, sheetId, range
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);
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JSONArray values = result.getJSONArray("values");
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// 处理数据...
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}
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```
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### 写入表格数据
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```java
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public void writeData() {
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String accessToken = "...";
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String fileId = "...";
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String sheetId = "...";
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String range = "A1";
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Object[][] values = {
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{"列1", "列2", "列3"},
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{"数据1", "数据2", "数据3"}
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};
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JSONObject result = tencentDocService.writeSheetData(
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accessToken, fileId, sheetId, range, values
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);
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}
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```
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### 追加订单数据
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```java
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public void appendOrder(JDOrder order) {
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String accessToken = "...";
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String fileId = "...";
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String sheetId = "...";
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JSONObject result = tencentDocService.appendLogisticsToSheet(
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accessToken, fileId, sheetId, order
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);
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}
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```
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## 常见参数说明
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### fileId(文件ID)
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- 从腾讯文档 URL 中获取
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- 示例 URL:`https://docs.qq.com/sheet/DQXxxxxxxxxxxxxxx?tab=BB08J2`
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- fileId:`DQXxxxxxxxxxxxxxx`
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### sheetId(工作表ID)
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- 从腾讯文档 URL 的 tab 参数中获取
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- 示例 URL:`https://docs.qq.com/sheet/DQXxxxxxxxxxxxxxx?tab=BB08J2`
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- sheetId:`BB08J2`
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### range(单元格范围)
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- 格式:`起始列字母 + 起始行号 : 结束列字母 + 结束行号`
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- 示例:
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- `A1:Z100` - 从 A1 到 Z100 的矩形区域
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- `A1` - 单个单元格
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- `A:A` - 整个 A 列
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- `1:1` - 整个第 1 行
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### values(数据值)
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- 二维数组格式
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- 示例:
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```java
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// Java 数组
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Object[][] values = {
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{"行1列1", "行1列2", "行1列3"},
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{"行2列1", "行2列2", "行2列3"}
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};
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// JSONArray
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JSONArray values = new JSONArray();
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JSONArray row1 = new JSONArray();
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row1.add("行1列1");
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row1.add("行1列2");
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values.add(row1);
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```
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## OAuth2 授权流程
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### 1. 获取授权 URL
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```java
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String authUrl = tencentDocService.getAuthUrl();
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// 重定向用户到 authUrl 进行授权
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```
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### 2. 处理回调获取 Access Token
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```java
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@GetMapping("/callback")
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public String callback(@RequestParam String code) {
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JSONObject tokenResponse = tencentDocService.getAccessTokenByCode(code);
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String accessToken = tokenResponse.getString("access_token");
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String refreshToken = tokenResponse.getString("refresh_token");
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Integer expiresIn = tokenResponse.getInteger("expires_in");
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// 保存 tokens...
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return "授权成功";
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}
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```
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### 3. 刷新 Access Token
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```java
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public void refreshToken(String refreshToken) {
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JSONObject tokenResponse = tencentDocService.refreshAccessToken(refreshToken);
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String newAccessToken = tokenResponse.getString("access_token");
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String newRefreshToken = tokenResponse.getString("refresh_token");
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// 更新保存的 tokens...
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}
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```
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## 错误处理
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### 常见错误码
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#### 401 Unauthorized
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- **原因**:Access Token 无效或过期
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- **解决**:使用 Refresh Token 刷新 Access Token
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#### 403 Forbidden
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- **原因**:用户没有访问该文档的权限
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- **解决**:检查文档权限设置,确保授权用户有访问权限
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#### 404 Not Found
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- **原因**:文件ID或工作表ID不存在,或 API 路径错误
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- **解决**:
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1. 检查 fileId 和 sheetId 是否正确
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2. 检查 API 基础路径配置是否为 `https://docs.qq.com/openapi/spreadsheet/v3`
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#### 429 Too Many Requests
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- **原因**:API 调用频率超过限制
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- **解决**:实现请求限流和重试机制
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### 异常捕获示例
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```java
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try {
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JSONObject result = tencentDocService.readSheetData(
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accessToken, fileId, sheetId, range
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);
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} catch (RuntimeException e) {
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if (e.getMessage().contains("401")) {
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// Token 过期,刷新 token
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refreshToken(savedRefreshToken);
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} else if (e.getMessage().contains("404")) {
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// 文件不存在
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log.error("文件不存在: fileId={}", fileId);
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} else if (e.getMessage().contains("无法获取Open-Id")) {
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// Access Token 无效
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log.error("Access Token 无效,需要重新授权");
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} else {
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// 其他错误
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log.error("API调用失败", e);
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}
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}
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```
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## 性能优化建议
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### 1. Open-Id 缓存
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当前实现在每次调用 API 前都会获取 Open-Id,建议添加缓存:
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```java
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// 使用 Spring Cache
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@Cacheable(value = "openIdCache", key = "#accessToken")
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public String getOpenId(String accessToken) {
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JSONObject userInfo = TencentDocApiUtil.getUserInfo(accessToken);
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return userInfo.getString("openId");
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}
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```
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### 2. Access Token 缓存和自动刷新
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```java
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// 在数据库或 Redis 中存储 token 及过期时间
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public String getValidAccessToken(String userId) {
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TokenInfo tokenInfo = tokenRepository.findByUserId(userId);
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if (tokenInfo.isExpired()) {
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// 自动刷新
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JSONObject newTokens = tencentDocService.refreshAccessToken(
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tokenInfo.getRefreshToken()
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);
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tokenInfo.update(newTokens);
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tokenRepository.save(tokenInfo);
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}
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return tokenInfo.getAccessToken();
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}
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```
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### 3. 批量操作
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对于多次写入,优先使用 `batchUpdate` API 一次性提交多个操作。
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## 调试技巧
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### 1. 启用详细日志
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在 `application-dev.yml` 中设置:
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```yaml
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logging:
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level:
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com.ruoyi.jarvis.util.TencentDocApiUtil: DEBUG
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com.ruoyi.jarvis.service.impl.TencentDocServiceImpl: DEBUG
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```
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### 2. 查看完整请求和响应
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`TencentDocApiUtil` 已包含详细的日志记录:
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- 请求 URL
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- 请求方法
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- 请求体
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- 响应状态码
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- 响应内容
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### 3. 测试 API 连接
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```java
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@Test
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public void testConnection() {
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String accessToken = "your_test_token";
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// 1. 测试获取用户信息
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JSONObject userInfo = TencentDocApiUtil.getUserInfo(accessToken);
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System.out.println("User Info: " + userInfo);
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// 2. 测试获取文件信息
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String fileId = "your_test_file_id";
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JSONObject fileInfo = tencentDocService.getFileInfo(accessToken, fileId);
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System.out.println("File Info: " + fileInfo);
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}
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```
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## 官方文档链接
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- [OAuth2 授权](https://docs.qq.com/open/document/app/oauth2/authorize.html)
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- [获取用户信息](https://docs.qq.com/open/document/app/oauth2/userinfo.html)
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- [表格 API 概览](https://docs.qq.com/open/document/app/openapi/v3/sheet/model/spreadsheet.html)
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- [批量更新表格](https://docs.qq.com/open/document/app/openapi/v3/sheet/batchUpdate.html)
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## 技术支持
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如遇到问题,请查看:
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1. 项目文档目录下的 `腾讯文档API完整修复总结.md`
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2. 项目日志文件(位于 `logs/` 目录)
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3. 腾讯文档开放平台官方文档
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---
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**最后更新时间**:2025-11-05
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